LTO TDC Exam Answer Key

The Land Transportation Office (LTO) in the Philippines requires each and everyone who wants to acquire a driver’s license to complete the LTO Theoretical Driving Course (TDC) and pass the LTO Examination. The exam covers questions about the different road scenarios and situations, driving policies, rules and regulations, traffic signs, and certain laws in the Philippines.

To help you refresh your knowledge and test your level of proficiency in taking this written exam, we prepared the LTO Driver’s License Theoretical Driving Examination Reviewer 2023 to give you a feel on what you are going to answer on an actual exam. In this article, we have prepared the Answer Key to the LTO Driver’s License Theoretical Driving Examination Reviewer 2023.

LTO Theoretical Driving Examination Reviewer 2023 Answer Key

Check how well you did against each life-like situation and question in the Theoretical Driving Course exam reviewer using this answer key below:

General Knowledge

A   1.   It’s illegal to throw any garbage from your vehicle if it’s not into designated garbage bins. If caught, the fine is Php 500 or an 8-hour community service.

C   2.   It’s a violation for PUJ and PUV drivers to converse with their passengers as this limits their concentration on the road and puts them, their passengers, and other road users at a greater risk of being involved in a road accident.

B   3.   Any law-enforcement officer in pursuit of a criminal is exempted from the mandatory speed limit.

C   4.   All LTO-issued licenses have an indicated vehicle type allowed to be driven, this varies per license classification.

C   5.   When driving you should always bring your driver’s license, vehicle registration, and recent LTO payment receipt for the vehicle.

A   6.   Upon issuance, a TOP (Temporary Operator’s Permit) could be used for up to 72 hours only.

A   7.   Driving recklessly and under the influence of alcohol is a bad trait which may develop into a habit, is illegal, and is putting you and other road users at great risk for accidents.

A   8.   Driver’s license with restriction 1 are only allowed to drive motorbikes and motorized tricycles.

A   9.   Observe and follow road and traffic signs at all times, even at night, and/or even when traffic is light. They are there for safety and organizational reasons. No time of the day, regardless of absence of traffic enforcers, is a good time to violate rules.

A   10. A motor vehicle is any vehicle that is used on or off-road, and is propelled by a motor engine, powered by either fuel or electricity.

Parking

C  11. It’s best to load or unload on designated stations to avoid obstructing other road users.

A    12. Parking at the entrance or exit of a hospital or fire station is illegal. Parking at an entrance or exit of any establishments can also cause obstruction.

B    13. If you’re going to leave your car, it’s best practice to turn off your engine and pull the handbrake.

C    14. Parking on or within a few meters from the approach side of a pedestrian lane will cause your vehicle to obscure pedestrian’s view of the road and obscures the view of incoming drivers.

A    15. Never park on crosswalks or pedestrian lanes. These areas should always remain clear and unobstructed, especially when their green light is on.

A    16. Before leaving a parking space, make sure to look around. Check and see if your driveway is clear from any approaching vehicles, cyclists, and pedestrians.

A   17. If unsure, blow your horn and cautiously maneuver before making a turn.

B    18. When parking uphill, and you are parallel to the sidewalk, always turn your wheels away from the sidewalk curb. The wheel should gently touch the curb, as it will help to stop the vehicle from rolling backwards just in case your parking brakes fail.

A    19. When parking downhill, always turn wheels away from the sidewalk curb. The wheel should gently touch the curb, as it will help to stop the vehicle from rolling forward just in case your parking brakes fail.

C    20. Doing a pre-trip inspection must be done before hitting the road. This is very important for your safety.

Road And Traffic Rules

 A    21. Presidential Decree No. 1865 states that the penalty for speed contests and rallies without official permit is as follows: “Any person who commits any act herein prohibited shall, upon conviction, be punished with a fine of not less than ₱20,000 but not more than Php 50,000, or imprisonment of at least two years but not more than five years, or both, in the discretion of the court.”

A    22. Provision for this law can be found in R.A. no. 10586. Also known as an Act Penalizing Persons Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol, Dangerous Drugs, and Other Similar Substances.

C    23. Provision for this law can be found in R.A. no. 10586. Also known as an Act Penalizing Persons Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol, Dangerous Drugs, and Other Similar Substances.

A    24. Never use a privately registered vehicle for hire to transport cargoes or passengers. If needed to carry passengers or cargoes, register your vehicle with the LTFRB (Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board) and LTO (Land Transportation Office). 

B    25. Field sobriety tests are standardized tests used to initially assess and determine intoxication. A sobriety test can be the horizontal gaze nystagmus, the walk-and-turn, the one-leg stand. These and other similar tests are determined jointly by the DOH, the NAPOLCOM and the DOTC.

B    26. Overspeeding, and driving/riding without license are the two obvious violations in this scenario.

A    27. R.A. no. 10586 is also known as an Act Penalizing Persons Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol, Dangerous Drugs, and Other Similar Substances.

C    28. Never drive an unregistered vehicle or you will have to pay a fine of Php 10,000. More so, if the non-registration exceeds one month, the vehicle will be impounded. It will only be released when the vehicle is registered, and the corresponding fines and penalties have been paid. The director of LTO has the authority to either suspend or revoke your

A    29. driver’s license. Suspension or revocation depends on the gravity of the series of violations you’ve committed within a period of one year.

A    30. Under JAO 2014-01, operators of colorum vehicles are fined respectively: P1 million for buses; P200,000 for PUVs including public utility trucks; P50,000 for jeepneys; P200,000 for vans; P120,000 for sedans; and P6,000 for motorcycles.

C   31. Remember to stop to let pedestrians cross first. Pedestrians have the right-of-way when there is a crosswalk.

C   32. The innermost lane or the lane on the left is also referred to as the passing lane, this lane is intended for faster vehicles.

C   33. Decrease your speed once you recognize an intersection with clogged traffic on the other side. Cross the intersection when you won’t be blocking the intersection or you won’t interfere with traffic lights.

A   34. On roads where there are no designated sidewalks, pedestrians should walk on the side where they could see the opposing traffic. This way, they would see well how traffic is, and immediately react to any danger that might head their way.

A   35. It is not against the law to drive fast, but be sure to follow road speed limits and make sure you don’t endanger yourself and other road users including yourself.

Road Safety While Driving

A   36. When you’re using high-beam lights, maintain a distance of at least 150 meters (500 ft) from any oncoming vehicle to avoid blinding the oncoming driver. If you’re within 60 to 90 meters (200-300 ft) from the vehicle you are following, use low-beam lights. This is a good distance to give you an ample stopping distance.

B   37. Many drivers and riders drive on sidewalks, bike lanes, unpaved roads and so on, but everyone must know that this is actually illegal. These sections of the road are reserved for pedestrians and cyclists.

C   38. Blowing your horn is always a safe way to approach and drive through a curve, especially on a mountain where you do not have a clear sight of oncoming vehicles.

C   39. Failure to turn your headlights on is against the law and worse, would put you and other road users in danger.

C   40. Defensive driving is a set of driving skills that allows you to defend yourself against possible collisions. If you look ahead and keep your eyes moving, you can spot potential hazards caused by bad drivers, drunk drivers, and poor weather more easily.

C   41. When driving through water or flood, start at a slow pace first, or around 2-5 kph. Drive slow and steady, so as not to disturb the water too much which might cause water to enter in the exhaust pipe.

A   42. When a vehicle is tailgating another vehicle, it’s highly possible that he wants to overtake. It is discouraged to overtake this vehicle to avoid chances of an accident.

B   43. Blowing your horn constantly is against the traffic rules. Use it with caution and only if necessary.

A   44. If driving with your headlights on, make sure to dim your headlights when you’re at least 150 meters (500 ft) from any oncoming vehicle. If you’re within 60 to 90 meters (200-300 ft), use low-beam lights.

A   45. Having vision of the wheels of the vehicle you’re following is a good indicator that you’re not too close and has ample and safe stopping distance.

Road Safety During Emergencies

B   46. During a skid, lift your foot off the accelerator and brake pedals, steer gently in the direction you want the vehicle to go to and be careful not to step hard on the brake.

A   47. On the actual LTO exam reviewer, the answer is “a”. However, in case of a car breakdown, it is safer to carefully get out of the car and have other passengers get out on the opposite side to the passing traffic.

C   48. Do all you can to allow an ambulance carrying a patient, a fire truck on a mission, or a police vehicle in pursuit of a criminal to pass. Pulling to the right gives the ambulance more room, while slowing down prolongs their driving time by trying to overtake.

C   49. You must always carry an EWD (Early Warning Device) so you can warn other road users if and when you are stalled or your vehicle is disabled This is a good measure to protect you, and other road users.

C   50. The proper way of installing an Early Warning Device is to put it at 4 meters away from the back and from the front of the stalled vehicle. This measure makes it easier and earlier for other road users to understand the situation so they can avoid you.

Road Signs And Markings

C   51.   This sign warns of a crossroad ahead.

A   52.   This sign means that animals are not allowed to cross the road.

A   53.   This is a warning sign that there is a dangerous curve ahead on the road.

B   54.   This sign prohibits all vehicles towing a trailer from entering the road.

A   55.   This sign means blowing your horn is prohibited.

B   56.   Two parallel yellow lines indicate that overtaking in both directions is extremely hazardous. Stay within your lane until you pass the end of the solid lines.

B   57.   This sign warns of a steep uphill gradient ahead.

C   58.   This is a Stop sign. Prepare to stop when you see this road sign.

B   59.   When you see a white line sloping toward another lane it means the road will narrow and traffic will merge ahead.

C   60.   Crossing a broken white line doesn’t violate any traffic rule, just be cautious that it’s safe and that you won’t interfere or obstruct traffic.

Downloading the LTO Theoretical Driving Course (TDC) Exam Reviewer Answer Key PDF file

To check how well you did in the mock TDC exam, you may download and print this Answer Key made available in PDF format, in case you prefer to review using the pen-and-paper approach when studying. Please see the download link below:

LTO Theoretical Driving Course (TDC) Exam Reviewer Answer Key PDF file

Summary

Did you do well? The LTO TDC reviewer was designed give you an idea on the LTO’s actual TDC exam. This Answer Key, on the other hand, presents how the LTO expects you to understand the principles of driving, as well as the kind of answers expected on the questions and situations described on the real exam. Do note that you will need to get thirty (30) out of forty (40) correct answers for the nonprofessional driver exam, or forty-five (45) out of sixty (60) if you are a professional driver’s license applicant. In order to be able to give the correct and appropriate responses, read and understand each situation carefully. The test will not be timed, too, so remember not to rush and take your time to understand the questions before answering them. Good luck!

Where Do You Need to Display Your Plate Number

License plates must be attached and displayed in conspicuous places, on the front and rear ends of the motor vehicle, as stated on the Land Transportation Office (LTO) Memorandum Circular VPT-2013-1772. This is also mandated by the Republic Act (RA) 4136 or the Land Transportation and Traffic Code. 

Though it is one of the most important parts of a vehicle, a license plate number doesn’t exactly come as a standard feature of a car. It is applied for and is given once you have gone through the proper vehicle identification and registration regulations. It is also necessary, unless you want your car to be literally limited to the four walls of your garage or stuck to the curb.

where do you need to display your plate number in vehicle car

Using a License Plate in the Philippines

As mentioned above, a license plate is a necessary slim piece of reflectorized metal ID mandated by law. Its use is implemented and regulated by the LTO to ensure that only vehicles that are roadworthy and traceable are allowed on public roads. 

A vehicle’s license plate also serves as the vehicle’s legal and official identification document, proof of registration, and visual permit to drive on the road. It features a unique set of alphanumeric characters which serve as the primary identifier in cases of theft or loss, or in the event of traffic violations, accidents, and involvement in criminal activities. 

Also Read: LTO Plate Number Check: How to Verify Plate Number via LTO Online

Tips for Use and Care of LTO License Plates

As an important part of your car, there are certain rules governing their use, the chief of which is that they should be conspicuously displayed on the front and rear bumper. There are also a few other things you can do to ensure that your license plates are taken care of. 

Here are some of them:

Ensure visibility and readability of license plate numbers at all times. 

As a duly-issued government document, your license plates must be in plain sight at all times. That said, drivers and car owners must ensure that the plate numbers are prominently displayed on the front and rear bumpers of the vehicle. It is unclear whether it can be side-mounted, so long as it is on the front bumper, but most cars come with a stock plate holder in the center where it is visible from any angle. The plate must also be mounted perpendicular to the ground, so JDM-inspired swiveling plate holders and tinted plate covers are not allowed. Remember, the reason they should be put there is so that they will be readily visible and unobstructed, so it’s important that your plate number Philippines are kept neat and clean, with nothing covering or otherwise blocking them. 

Expert tip: Avoid placing the license plates inside the windshield or rear window, as doing so can potentially hamper their readability, especially with glare from reflected light on the windows.

License plates should be displayed exclusively.

Apart from being in plain sight, license plates must always be displayed exclusively. That said, it is imperative to keep the license plate mounted by itself. It should not be accompanied by any other plate, especially those that are not legally valid in the Philippines to prevent traffic enforcers from getting confused when apprehending them on coding days.

Ensure safe installation of license plates.

Properly mount the license plates on the bumper using the specialized LTO-provided 10mm bolt head, screws, plate locks, nuts, and washers, otherwise known as LTO security locks, in order to prevent tampering and unauthorized removal. The Philippine license plates must also be kept tightly screwed, clean, and unobstructed with sturdy materials for its mount to avoid damaging it for as long as possible.

Don’t modify the license plate number.

License plates are meant to display the alphanumeric code in a uniform format, layout, and color scheme, as prescribed by the law. That said, regardless of preferences for aesthetics, no stylistic touches are allowed on the license plates. You can customize and personalize your car all you want, but you simply can’t touch or change your license plates. Even if you use a vanity plate, the most you can do is choose the letters and/or numbers that will appear on the plate.

Replace your damaged or lost plate immediately.

Like everything else, there is a possibility that license plates can get damaged or lost. In such cases, it is important to inform the LTO branch where your car was registered by filing an affidavit of mutilation or loss and requesting for replacement or duplicate plates. When you do, the LTO will issue a temporary authorization to use an improvised plate, designed according to LTO specifications, which is good for 90 days or three months until a replacement plate is ready. Failure to do so may otherwise cause you to get flagged down and slapped with a traffic ticket that translates to hefty LTO fines, penalties, and even result in getting your car impounded on the spot. 

Also Read: Where Should the Number Plate of a Motorcycle be Displayed?

Summary

License plates, though issued to car owners, remain as government property, so it must be used and handled carefully. The government also wants it visible on both the front and back ends of the vehicle, so it must be mounted on both sides. Though it is unclear whether it must be in the center at all, it’s best to simply maintain the stock configuration. Plus, it’s easier to explain stock side-mounted plates like in Lancer X if you end up being flagged by officers who are unfamiliar with the design.

LTO Exam Guide and How to Pass

Taking and passing the exam given by the Land Transportation Office (LTO) are the first steps to getting a driver’s license and becoming a responsible driver in the Philippines. It may seem like a hassle, but it really is given with good intentions: To ensure that you know what it means and how to be a good driver who values safety on the road. 

Before you get yourself a license, you need to pass the LTO’s driving exam. This exam has two parts: a written examination and an actual driving test.

If you’re ready to secure your Non-professional Driver’s License, here’s a quick guide that we’ve put together to help you prepare and teach you how to pass the LTO exam. 

how to pass lto exam

Understanding the LTO Exam

Owning a car isn’t enough to be able to drive on public roads. In fact, you still have tons of stuff you need to do, including:

  • Enrolling in a proper driving school

  • Getting a student driver’s permit;

  • Getting a non-professional driver’s license—the proper license you need if you’ll be driving a private vehicle.

Quite an adventure, you say? It’s not quite as simple. You will also need to secure a medical certificate, enroll in a Theoretical Driving Course (TDC), get a TDC certificate, get your student driver’s permit, enroll in a Practical Driving Course (PDC), get a PDC certificate, and pass the LTO exams before you can get ahold of that precious steering wheel on your own. 

While you won’t need to take the LTO exams to secure a student driver’s permit, graduating from this to secure your Non-Professional driver’s license will require passing the LTO exam. After all, you have to make sure you are totally ready to drive by passing a ‘final’ exam, just like every other student out there.

Also Read: How to Get LTO Student Permit License in the Philippines

How to Pass the LTO exam

To help you get through the exam, here are some of the things you’ll need:

Pre-Examination: Preparing for the LTO exam

Step 1: Review for the written exams.

As mentioned earlier, there are two exams that you will need to go through and pass—the written exam and the driving exam. 

To prepare for the written exam, it’s best to check the LTO exam reviewers you received after getting your student driver’s permit as well as the other available resources online. This is so you will have an idea about the type of questions included in the written exam. 

You may:

  • Use the online resources from LTO. 

You may check the Land Transportation Management System (LTMS) website’s E-Learning section. Even if you’re not logged in to the portal, you can still access some, if not all, of the online learning modules available there.

  • Use Third-Party Materials

Aside from the LTMS e-learning modules, there are other third-party resources that exist online or otherwise. You may either get some from your driving school (if you attended one) or online, by running a quick search for LTO reviewers or mock exams. 

  • Check the video resources online.

Hated reading? You can simply go through the videos, via the LTMS or by looking at bite-sized videos posted online, either on Youtube or Tiktok. 

  • Do your own research, especially on LTO driving licenses.

If you are as keen as you claim to be, it won’t hurt to take it a step further by doing more than just reading through the LTO reviewers. You could also brush up on the essentials that you have previously learned from the driving school or from whoever you learned driving from. 

Step 2. Practice driving.

As mentioned, the LTO exam comes with a practical driving exam where you would need to show off your actual driving skills in a simulated public road environment. Now that you’ve already reviewed for the written exam, you need to make sure that you are also comfortable in driving alone in traffic while following the street signs and symbols. You must also learn how to park properly in order to pass the driving test. 

Test Proper

Step 1: Taking the LTO written exam.

If you prepare well, then you’ll have no problems taking the written exams. Just make sure you read every word, understand all the questions, and take your time answering them. Some questions may be tricky too, so make sure you always pick the best answer.

The LTO Written Exam

The LTO written exam is a randomized multiple-choice exam divided into six different subjects, including:

  • General Driving Knowledge

This includes defensive driving, proper techniques, road safety, stress management, driving rules, licenses, and maintenance. 

  • Parking

This covers everything you need to know about parking for safety as well as the rules and restrictions relating to vehicle parking in the Philippines.

  • Driving Emergencies

In this part, aspiring drivers are tested for their knowledge of road emergencies, including  what to do when involved in mechanical failures and accidents.

  • Handling & Driving

This includes the know-hows of driving the optimal way, including the rights and responsibilities of drivers on the road, common regulatory rules, traffic signs and signals, and making sure that your vehicle’s documents are up-to-date and in order. 

  • Road Signs & Lane Markings

This test ensures that you know your way around traffic signs, signals, and pavement markings. This also ensures that you know enough of the regulatory signs such as no U-turn, no right turn, or left turn not only to pass the exam but also to ensure both yours and others’ safety on the road. 

  • Road Position 

The test will definitely include information about right of way and everything else about where you should position your vehicle while driving.

Written Exam Passing Scores

The passing score requirements for the written exam vary as follows:

  • For those who are seeking the Non-professional driver’s license (NPDL), you need to score at least 30 correct answers out of 40 questions (30/40).

  • Those who are looking to get the Professional driver’s license (PDL) need at least 45 correct answers out of 60 questions (45/60).

Written Exam Results: Pass or Fail?

There are tell-tale signs to know for sure whether you passed or failed the LTO written exam.

  • If you pass, your name will be called and you will be ushered to the venue for the practical driving test.

  • If you fail, you will be asked to re-enter the exam room for more information about how to take it again after a month. This includes having to go through everything—from the application process to the photo and signature-taking and written exams—all over again.

Step 2: Taking the LTO Driving Test

After passing the written exam, then it’s time for the LTO driving test. Here’s what you need to know about it.

LTO Actual Driving Test

When it’s time to take the LTO driving test, the very first thing you need is to decide how you’re going to take the test and the vehicle you would use. 

Vehicle options

Here are your options: 

  • LTO vehicle

LTO has vehicles that you can rent for Php 250.00 when you take your driving test. It’s a practical choice since you don’t need to make any other arrangements. The only downside is, you might be unfamiliar with the vehicle so it may take a while to be comfortable driving it.

  • Driving school

If you’ve taken either the TDC or the PDC from a driving school, you may actually take the practical driving exam from there. You have the option to use your assigned vehicle with your school coach at the back while the examiner sits in front.

  • Your own car

If you had a licensed adult who drove you off to LTO on your own can, then you may simply use it for the practical driving test. This way, you can drive a vehicle you’re comfortable with and save Php 250.00 at the same time. 

Exam Duration

For the actual driving test, you will be asked to drive in a designated driving course, from 15 minutes to an hour, depending on how you drive.

Passing Score

To pass the practical driving test, you need to at least score 70 out of 100. You should receive instant feedback and result right after the test.

Post LTO Exam: After the Practical Driving Test for an LTO driver’s license

Once you pass the LTO exams, from the written test to the practical driving test, you will only need to wait for the approval of your license application before it is released along with the official receipt.

Important Reminders

When taking the LTO exam, here are some things you need to remember:

  • Don’t rush. Whether it’s for the written or the practical driving exam, it’s very important to take your time and think to avoid mishaps.

  • Bring all the documents you need to avoid going back and forth when you go for your LTO exams. 

  • You need to pass both the written and practical exams to get your license. If you don’t pass either or both of the tests, then you can retake them after a month. 

  • If you fail your LTO exams on your second try, then you will need to wait for a year. 

  • If you fail on your third attempt at the LTO exam, then you will need to wait for two years before you can retake the test.

  • It’s best to go for an LTO exam during non-peak working days, from Tuesday to Thursday.

  • Be polite to your examiner. Greet him or her, introduce yourself, and always listen to the instructions.

  • Practice reverse parking. You may be asked to do this, or at the very least, you may have to do this when returning your rental car to its place. 

  • Don’t be overconfident. Be cautious at all times, regardless if it’s during the weitten or the driving test. 

  • Don’t use fixers. It’s dishonest, risky, and costly compared when you do it by yourself.

Video: How to Pass the LTO Exams

For tips on how to successfully pass your LTO exams, watch this explainer video uploaded by Assistance Philippines Portal and Wander J on Youtube:

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Here are some common questions and answers regarding the LTO exams.

1. What is the passing score in the LTO exam?

For the written exam, the passing score for non-professional driver exam is 30 out of 40; while for professional driver exam it is 45 out of 60. For the practical driving test, you need a rating of at least 70 out of 100 to pass.

2. How can I pass the LTO exam?

To pass the LTO exam, you will need to pass both the written exam and the practical driving test in one go.  

3. How many questions are there in the LTO written exam?

The number of questions in the LTO written exam may vary depending on the type of license you want to secure. For those taking the test for the Non-professional Driver’s License (NPDL), there are 40 questions, whereas there are 60 questions for those who are taking the Professional Driver’s License (PDL) exam.

4. What is the written test for a driver’s license about?

The LTO written test is consists of multiple choice questions about road, signs, driving practices, parking, and traffic rules and regulations in the Philippines.

5. Is there a practical exam for those who are securing a Non-Professional Driver’s License (NPDL)?

Yes. Aside from the written or theoretical examination, there is an actual driving test that you need to pass to be able to get a Non-Professional Driver’s License (NPDL).

6. Can I retake the LTO exams if I fail?

Yes. If it’s your first try, you may retake the LTO exam one month after failing either or both written and actual driving tests. If you fail on your second attempt, you’ll have to wait for one year to reapply. If, on your third try, you still fail to pass the written or driving test, then you’ll have to wait for two years before you can reapply.

7. What are the topics covered by the LTO written exam?

The questions are conveniently broken into six different sections, including:

  • Signs and markings 

  • Parking 

  • Emergencies 

  • Road position

  • Violations and penalties 

  • General knowledge 

  • Handing and driving 

8. Should I enroll in a driving school or not? 

This is a decision that the driver’s license applicants are free to make. However, many LTO examiners have observed that applicants who passed the written test initially studied in driving schools, so if you want to up your chances of passing it, then it would be a good idea to enroll in a reputable or accredited driving school first.

Summary  

Getting a driver’s license, be it a Non-Professional or a Professional Driver’s License, entails a lot of things which includes taking and passing the LTO exams. With this guide, we hope you can pass the LTO exams on your first take and avoid the hassle of having to reapply all over again.

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