Though it is one of the most important parts of a vehicle, a license plate number doesn’t exactly come as a standard feature of a car. It is applied for and is given once you have gone through the proper vehicle identification and registration regulations. It is also necessary, unless you want your car to be literally limited to the four walls of your garage or stuck to the curb.
As mentioned above, a license plate is a necessary slim piece of reflectorized metal ID mandated by law. Its use is implemented and regulated by the LTO to ensure that only vehicles that are roadworthy and traceable are allowed on public roads.
A vehicle’s license plate also serves as the vehicle’s legal and official identification document, proof of registration, and visual permit to drive on the road. It features a unique set of alphanumeric characters which serve as the primary identifier in cases of theft or loss, or in the event of traffic violations, accidents, and involvement in criminal activities.
As an important part of your car, there are certain rules governing their use, the chief of which is that they should be conspicuously displayed on the front and rear bumper. There are also a few other things you can do to ensure that your license plates are taken care of.
Here are some of them:
Ensure visibility and readability of license plate numbers at all times.
As a duly-issued government document, your license plates must be in plain sight at all times. That said, drivers and car owners must ensure that the plate numbers are prominently displayed on the front and rear bumpers of the vehicle. It is unclear whether it can be side-mounted, so long as it is on the front bumper, but most cars come with a stock plate holder in the center where it is visible from any angle. The plate must also be mounted perpendicular to the ground, so JDM-inspired swiveling plate holders and tinted plate covers are not allowed. Remember, the reason they should be put there is so that they will be readily visible and unobstructed, so it’s important that your plate number Philippines are kept neat and clean, with nothing covering or otherwise blocking them.
Expert tip: Avoid placing the license plates inside the windshield or rear window, as doing so can potentially hamper their readability, especially with glare from reflected light on the windows.
License plates should be displayed exclusively.
Apart from being in plain sight, license plates must always be displayed exclusively. That said, it is imperative to keep the license plate mounted by itself. It should not be accompanied by any other plate, especially those that are not legally valid in the Philippines to prevent traffic enforcers from getting confused when apprehending them on coding days.
Ensure safe installation of license plates.
Properly mount the license plates on the bumper using the specialized LTO-provided 10mm bolt head, screws, plate locks, nuts, and washers, otherwise known as LTO security locks, in order to prevent tampering and unauthorized removal. The Philippine license plates must also be kept tightly screwed, clean, and unobstructed with sturdy materials for its mount to avoid damaging it for as long as possible.
Don’t modify the license plate number.
License plates are meant to display the alphanumeric code in a uniform format, layout, and color scheme, as prescribed by the law. That said, regardless of preferences for aesthetics, no stylistic touches are allowed on the license plates. You can customize and personalize your car all you want, but you simply can’t touch or change your license plates. Even if you use a vanity plate, the most you can do is choose the letters and/or numbers that will appear on the plate.
Replace your damaged or lost plate immediately.
Like everything else, there is a possibility that license plates can get damaged or lost. In such cases, it is important to inform the LTO branch where your car was registered by filing an affidavit of mutilation or loss and requesting for replacement or duplicate plates. When you do, the LTO will issue a temporary authorization to use an improvised plate, designed according to LTO specifications, which is good for 90 days or three months until a replacement plate is ready. Failure to do so may otherwise cause you to get flagged down and slapped with a traffic ticket that translates to hefty LTO fines, penalties, and even result in getting your car impounded on the spot.
License plates, though issued to car owners, remain as government property, so it must be used and handled carefully. The government also wants it visible on both the front and back ends of the vehicle, so it must be mounted on both sides. Though it is unclear whether it must be in the center at all, it’s best to simply maintain the stock configuration. Plus, it’s easier to explain stock side-mounted plates like in Lancer X if you end up being flagged by officers who are unfamiliar with the design.
Taking and passing the exam given by the Land Transportation Office (LTO) are the first steps to getting a driver’s license and becoming a responsible driver in the Philippines. It may seem like a hassle, but it really is given with good intentions: To ensure that you know what it means and how to be a good driver who values safety on the road.
Before you get yourself a license, you need to pass the LTO’s driving exam. This exam has two parts: a written examination and an actual driving test.
If you’re ready to secure your Non-professional Driver’s License, here’s a quick guide that we’ve put together to help you prepare and teach you how to pass the LTO exam.
Owning a car isn’t enough to be able to drive on public roads. In fact, you still have tons of stuff you need to do, including:
Enrolling in a proper driving school
Getting a student driver’s permit;
Getting a non-professional driver’s license—the proper license you need if you’ll be driving a private vehicle.
Quite an adventure, you say? It’s not quite as simple. You will also need to secure a medical certificate, enroll in a Theoretical Driving Course (TDC), get a TDC certificate, get your student driver’s permit, enroll in a Practical Driving Course (PDC), get a PDC certificate, and pass the LTO exams before you can get ahold of that precious steering wheel on your own.
While you won’t need to take the LTO exams to secure a student driver’s permit, graduating from this to secure your Non-Professional driver’s license will require passing the LTO exam. After all, you have to make sure you are totally ready to drive by passing a ‘final’ exam, just like every other student out there.
To help you get through the exam, here are some of the things you’ll need:
Pre-Examination: Preparing for the LTO exam
Step 1: Review for the written exams.
As mentioned earlier, there are two exams that you will need to go through and pass—the written exam and the driving exam.
To prepare for the written exam, it’s best to check the LTO exam reviewers you received after getting your student driver’s permit as well as the other available resources online. This is so you will have an idea about the type of questions included in the written exam.
You may:
Use the online resources from LTO.
You may check the Land Transportation Management System (LTMS) website’s E-Learning section. Even if you’re not logged in to the portal, you can still access some, if not all, of the online learning modules available there.
Use Third-Party Materials
Aside from the LTMS e-learning modules, there are other third-party resources that exist online or otherwise. You may either get some from your driving school (if you attended one) or online, by running a quick search for LTO reviewers or mock exams.
Check the video resources online.
Hated reading? You can simply go through the videos, via the LTMS or by looking at bite-sized videos posted online, either on Youtube or Tiktok.
Do your own research, especially on LTO driving licenses.
If you are as keen as you claim to be, it won’t hurt to take it a step further by doing more than just reading through the LTO reviewers. You could also brush up on the essentials that you have previously learned from the driving school or from whoever you learned driving from.
Step 2. Practice driving.
As mentioned, the LTO exam comes with a practical driving exam where you would need to show off your actual driving skills in a simulated public road environment. Now that you’ve already reviewed for the written exam, you need to make sure that you are also comfortable in driving alone in traffic while following the street signs and symbols. You must also learn how to park properly in order to pass the driving test.
Test Proper
Step 1: Taking the LTO written exam.
If you prepare well, then you’ll have no problems taking the written exams. Just make sure you read every word, understand all the questions, and take your time answering them. Some questions may be tricky too, so make sure you always pick the best answer.
The LTO Written Exam
The LTO written exam is a randomized multiple-choice exam divided into six different subjects, including:
General Driving Knowledge
This includes defensive driving, proper techniques, road safety, stress management, driving rules, licenses, and maintenance.
Parking
This covers everything you need to know about parking for safety as well as the rules and restrictions relating to vehicle parking in the Philippines.
Driving Emergencies
In this part, aspiring drivers are tested for their knowledge of road emergencies, including what to do when involved in mechanical failures and accidents.
Handling & Driving
This includes the know-hows of driving the optimal way, including the rights and responsibilities of drivers on the road, common regulatory rules, traffic signs and signals, and making sure that your vehicle’s documents are up-to-date and in order.
Road Signs & Lane Markings
This test ensures that you know your way around traffic signs, signals, and pavement markings. This also ensures that you know enough of the regulatory signs such as no U-turn, no right turn, or left turn not only to pass the exam but also to ensure both yours and others’ safety on the road.
Road Position
The test will definitely include information about right of way and everything else about where you should position your vehicle while driving.
Written Exam Passing Scores
The passing score requirements for the written exam vary as follows:
For those who are seeking the Non-professional driver’s license (NPDL), you need to score at least 30 correct answers out of 40 questions (30/40).
Those who are looking to get the Professional driver’s license (PDL) need at least 45 correct answers out of 60 questions (45/60).
Written Exam Results: Pass or Fail?
There are tell-tale signs to know for sure whether you passed or failed the LTO written exam.
If you pass, your name will be called and you will be ushered to the venue for the practical driving test.
If you fail, you will be asked to re-enter the exam room for more information about how to take it again after a month. This includes having to go through everything—from the application process to the photo and signature-taking and written exams—all over again.
Step 2: Taking the LTO Driving Test
After passing the written exam, then it’s time for the LTO driving test. Here’s what you need to know about it.
LTO Actual Driving Test
When it’s time to take the LTO driving test, the very first thing you need is to decide how you’re going to take the test and the vehicle you would use.
Vehicle options
Here are your options:
LTO vehicle
LTO has vehicles that you can rent for Php 250.00 when you take your driving test. It’s a practical choice since you don’t need to make any other arrangements. The only downside is, you might be unfamiliar with the vehicle so it may take a while to be comfortable driving it.
Driving school
If you’ve taken either the TDC or the PDC from a driving school, you may actually take the practical driving exam from there. You have the option to use your assigned vehicle with your school coach at the back while the examiner sits in front.
Your own car
If you had a licensed adult who drove you off to LTO on your own can, then you may simply use it for the practical driving test. This way, you can drive a vehicle you’re comfortable with and save Php 250.00 at the same time.
Exam Duration
For the actual driving test, you will be asked to drive in a designated driving course, from 15 minutes to an hour, depending on how you drive.
Passing Score
To pass the practical driving test, you need to at least score 70 out of 100. You should receive instant feedback and result right after the test.
Post LTO Exam: After the Practical Driving Test for an LTO driver’s license
Once you pass the LTO exams, from the written test to the practical driving test, you will only need to wait for the approval of your license application before it is released along with the official receipt.
Important Reminders
When taking the LTO exam, here are some things you need to remember:
Don’t rush. Whether it’s for the written or the practical driving exam, it’s very important to take your time and think to avoid mishaps.
Bring all the documents you need to avoid going back and forth when you go for your LTO exams.
You need to pass both the written and practical exams to get your license. If you don’t pass either or both of the tests, then you can retake them after a month.
If you fail your LTO exams on your second try, then you will need to wait for a year.
If you fail on your third attempt at the LTO exam, then you will need to wait for two years before you can retake the test.
It’s best to go for an LTO exam during non-peak working days, from Tuesday to Thursday.
Be polite to your examiner. Greet him or her, introduce yourself, and always listen to the instructions.
Practice reverse parking. You may be asked to do this, or at the very least, you may have to do this when returning your rental car to its place.
Don’t be overconfident. Be cautious at all times, regardless if it’s during the weitten or the driving test.
Don’t use fixers. It’s dishonest, risky, and costly compared when you do it by yourself.
Video: How to Pass the LTO Exams
For tips on how to successfully pass your LTO exams, watch this explainer video uploaded by Assistance Philippines Portal and Wander J on Youtube:
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Here are some common questions and answers regarding the LTO exams.
1. What is the passing score in the LTO exam?
For the written exam, the passing score for non-professional driver exam is 30 out of 40; while for professional driver exam it is 45 out of 60. For the practical driving test, you need a rating of at least 70 out of 100 to pass.
2. How can I pass the LTO exam?
To pass the LTO exam, you will need to pass both the written exam and the practical driving test in one go.
3. How many questions are there in the LTO written exam?
The number of questions in the LTO written exam may vary depending on the type of license you want to secure. For those taking the test for the Non-professional Driver’s License (NPDL), there are 40 questions, whereas there are 60 questions for those who are taking the Professional Driver’s License (PDL) exam.
4. What is the written test for a driver’s license about?
The LTO written test is consists of multiple choice questions about road, signs, driving practices, parking, and traffic rules and regulations in the Philippines.
5. Is there a practical exam for those who are securing a Non-Professional Driver’s License (NPDL)?
Yes. Aside from the written or theoretical examination, there is an actual driving test that you need to pass to be able to get a Non-Professional Driver’s License (NPDL).
6. Can I retake the LTO exams if I fail?
Yes. If it’s your first try, you may retake the LTO exam one month after failing either or both written and actual driving tests. If you fail on your second attempt, you’ll have to wait for one year to reapply. If, on your third try, you still fail to pass the written or driving test, then you’ll have to wait for two years before you can reapply.
7. What are the topics covered by the LTO written exam?
The questions are conveniently broken into six different sections, including:
Signs and markings
Parking
Emergencies
Road position
Violations and penalties
General knowledge
Handing and driving
8. Should I enroll in a driving school or not?
This is a decision that the driver’s license applicants are free to make. However, many LTO examiners have observed that applicants who passed the written test initially studied in driving schools, so if you want to up your chances of passing it, then it would be a good idea to enroll in a reputable or accredited driving school first.
Summary
Getting a driver’s license, be it a Non-Professional or a Professional Driver’s License, entails a lot of things which includes taking and passing the LTO exams. With this guide, we hope you can pass the LTO exams on your first take and avoid the hassle of having to reapply all over again.
TNVS, otherwise known as the Transportation Network Vehicle Service, is a revolutionary mode of transportation that has recently taken center stage, thanks to the efficient and innovative way it transformed the way people commute. It’s also a ride-hailing service offered by the Transportation Network Company (TNC) via the private vehicles registered under them. In essence, TNVS refers to the specific service offered within a TNC platform for drivers and their vehicles. The distinction is important, especially in regulatory contexts, as regulations may apply to both TNCs and TNVS separately.
All Transportation Network Vehicle Service (TNVS) operate through smartphone applications managed by TNCs in order to connect passengers with accredited private vehicles and drivers. Popular platforms like Grab and Uber (now merged with Grab), as well as Angkas, Joyride and MoveIt have all become household names, providing Filipinos with a reliable means of transportation at their fingertips. This innovative system has transformed the way people commute, offering options towards convenient and efficient alternatives to traditional taxis.
TNVS or Transportation Network Vehicle Service (TNVS) refers to the innovative ride-hailing system offered by Transportation Network Companies (TNCs) in the country. There are different kinds of TNVS, ranging from Grab which offers car and taxi services as well as Angkas and Joyride which offers motorcycle rides.
All TNVS operate using smartphone applications, making it easy for passengers to find drivers who are willing to drive them to wherever they want to go.
TNVS vs TNC
Transportation Network Companies (TNCs) and Transportation Network Vehicle Services (TNVS) are closely related terms often used in the context of the evolving transportation industry, particularly in the ride-hailing sector. They are, however, quite different from each other. TNC is a broader term encompassing the entire platform or company, while TNVS is a specific service within that platform involving drivers and their vehicles.
Transportation Network Company (TNC) refers to the company or platform that connects passengers with drivers using a digital network. It is the TNCs that provide the technological infrastructure, such as mobile applications, that enables users to request rides and drivers to accept those requests. On the other hand, Transportation Network Vehicle Service (TNVS) refers to the specific service or category of vehicles that operate under a TNC. In many cases, TNVS drivers are individuals who register with TNCs to use their personal vehicles to offer transportation services.
Benefits
The rise of Transportation Network Vehicle Services (TNVS) has brought about several benefits, reshaping the transportation landscape in various ways:
1. Convenience
TNVS platforms provide a convenient and user-friendly way for passengers to request rides through mobile applications. This eliminates the need to hail taxis on the street, offering a seamless and efficient booking process.
2. Accessibility
TNVS increases accessibility to transportation services, especially in areas where traditional taxis might be scarce. Passengers can easily access rides in both urban and suburban areas, contributing to improved mobility.
3. Safety and Security
TNVS platforms enhance passenger safety by providing information about the driver and the vehicle before the ride. This transparency helps build trust between passengers and drivers, fostering a sense of security during the journey.
4. Flexible Employment
TNVS has created opportunities for individuals to earn income through flexible employment. Drivers can choose their working hours, making it a viable option for those seeking part-time or supplementary income.
5. Reduced Cash Transactions
TNVS transactions are primarily cashless, reducing the risks associated with carrying cash during rides. This cashless system adds a layer of security for both passengers and drivers.
6. Quality of Service
TNVS platforms often have rating systems for both drivers and passengers. This encourages good behavior, maintains service quality, and creates accountability within the system.
7. Fair Pricing
TNVS often employs transparent and upfront pricing models. Passengers can see the estimated fare before confirming the ride, avoiding potential fare disputes. This transparency contributes to a fair and predictable pricing structure.
8. Technological Advancements
TNVS leverages technological advancements, such as GPS tracking and real-time updates, improving the overall efficiency of the transportation service. Passengers can track their ride in real-time and receive timely updates.
9. Reduced Congestion
TNVS can contribute to reduced traffic congestion by optimizing routes and providing shared ride options. This can have positive environmental impacts and improve overall traffic flow in urban areas.
10. Innovation in Transportation
TNVS represents a significant innovation in the transportation industry, challenging traditional taxi services and encouraging continuous improvements in service quality and efficiency.
These benefits collectively make TNVS an attractive and popular choice for both passengers and drivers, contributing to the evolution of modern urban transportation.
How does TNVS Work
One key advantage of TNVS is the ease of use. Passengers can simply open the app, input their destination, and wait for a nearby driver to accept the ride request. This not only eliminates the hassle of flagging down a cab but also provides a sense of security as passengers receive information about the driver and vehicle beforehand.
For drivers, TNVS offers an opportunity for flexible employment. Many individuals opt for part-time or full-time driving, contributing to the growing gig economy. This flexibility has empowered countless Filipinos to earn a livelihood on their own terms, whether as a primary occupation or a supplementary source of income.
Fare Rates For Transportation Network Vehicle Services (TNVS)
According to Memorandum Circular 2019-036, the following matrix shows the TNVS fares as approved by the LTFRB:
CAR SEDAN
PREMIUM AUV/SUV
HATCHBACK/SUB-COMPАСТ (>1200 cc.)
Flagdown
up to P40.00
up to P50.00
up to P30.00
Fare/km.
P15.00
P18.00
P13.00
Fare/minute of travel
P2.00
P2.00
P2.00
Surge (on B+C)
2x
2x
2x
Source: LTFRB
TNVS Fare Regulation
Thanks to the power vested in the Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB) by Executive Order No. 202 and Commonwealth Act 146, the agency has the authority to determine and fix fares—a crucial role that ensures fairness in TNVS fare regulations.
That said, despite having the Department Order No. 2015-011 granting TNCs fare-setting authority, the LTFRB gets the oversight role to prevent regulatory lapses. Fare rates for TNVS must then be authorized by the LTFRB, in order to strike a balance between fair compensation for service providers and protection against excessive charges.
Penalties
Grantees of Certificates of Public Convenience (CPC) for operating TNVS must adhere to the fare rates specified above, following the regulations of the Board, the provisions of the Public Service Law (C.A. 146), as amended, and meeting the requirements for public transport services.
Any failure to comply with the established fare rates approved by the LTFRB for TNVS vehicles will incur penalties in accordance with Joint Administrative Order No. 2014-001,—an LTFRB issuance which outlines the revised schedule of fines and penalties for violations of laws, rules, and regulations governing land transportation.
Challenges
The rise of TNVS, despite being well-accepted, has not been without challenges. Regulatory issues, fare disputes, and competition with traditional taxis have sparked debates within the transportation industry. The government even suspended some permits to operate as it struggled to implement guidelines and requirements to address these concerns, ensuring the safety and well-being of both drivers and passengers.
Despite the challenges, TNVS has undeniably reshaped the transportation landscape in the Philippines. It has become an integral part of urban life, offering a reliable and efficient way for people to move around the ever-expanding cities. As technology continues to advance, the future of TNVS holds promise for further improvements, making commuting even more convenient for all.
Future Plans for TNVS in the Philippines
The Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB) in the Philippines is addressing the public demand for alternatives in the Transportation Network Vehicle Service (TNVS) industry. The LTFRB has accredited three new Transport Network Companies (TNCs) and is reviewing additional applicants. Six new ride-hailing apps are set to operate in Metro Manila, including GoLag, HirNa, Hype, Micab, OWTO, and U-Hop.
These new players are anticipated to positively impact TNVS services. Each app offers unique features such as extended services in multiple areas, 24/7 customer support, diverse booking methods, and innovative fare structures. The apps are poised to introduce exciting changes for online users, though some reservations persist, particularly regarding the use of taxi meters for fare calculation. The addition of an SMS booking feature is seen as favorable for offline commuters.
The future of TNVS in the Philippines holds promise with the introduction of these new players, expanding choices for users and potentially transforming the landscape of ride-hailing services.
Video: Guide to Working as a GRAB TNVS Driver
Interested in working as a TNVS Driver under any of the existing TNCs in the country? Watch this video from BTC Extreme and learn how
Summary
The Transportation Network Vehicle Service (TNVS) have long gained prominence in the Philippines, but the discussions related to the regulation and accreditation of these ride-hailing services have only been established recently. Government regulations have only recently outlined the requirements for vehicles and drivers operating under TNVS, ensuring safety standards and proper licensing.
Nevertheless, the presence of TNVS, along with the TNVS drivers and vehicles, has indeed transformed urban transportation, providing efficient alternatives. With further improvements as technology evolves, commuting may be even more convenient, but for now, the safety standards and proper licensing in the TNVS sector should be enough.
