Starting a light motor vehicle refers to the process of initiating the engine and preparing the car for motion. It involves a lot more than simply inserting and turning the key to get your light vehicles—like cars and small trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating under 3,500 kilograms commonly used for personal transportation and light cargo—to start. In fact, it also requires other steps such as engaging the handbrake, depressing the appropriate pedals, and turning the ignition key or pressing the start button before you can drive off. 

Understanding that there is also a proper way to start a light vehicle means recognizing the importance of each step in ensuring vehicle safety and efficiency. It is important that every driver knows these procedures to avoid engine damage, reduce maintenance costs, and promote safe driving practices. Starting a car might seem straightforward, but it’s essential to get the basics right as observing proper starting techniques not only enhance the longevity of the vehicle but also contribute to a smoother and more reliable driving experience. With this guide, we will walk you through the fundamental steps of starting both manual and automatic transmission light vehicles. Whether you’re preparing for your first driving lesson or need a refresher, we’ve got you covered.

What is a Light Vehicle?

A light vehicle is typically defined as a car or small truck with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of less than 3,500 kilograms (about 7,700 pounds). These vehicles include sedans, hatchbacks, SUVs, and small pickups, designed primarily for personal transportation and light cargo. Light vehicles are widely used due to their fuel efficiency, ease of maneuverability, and versatility for everyday commuting and short-distance travel.

Learning how to start a light vehicle properly is an important part of observing road safety measures. Not only that, it also helps with the safety and longevity of the vehicle. Proper starting techniques prevent unnecessary wear and tear on the engine and transmission, reducing maintenance costs over time. Additionally, understanding these basics enhances driver confidence and promotes safe driving practices, essential for avoiding accidents and ensuring smooth vehicle operation.

Learning How to Start a Light Vehicle

Learning how to start a light vehicle involves mastering the sequence of actions needed to safely and efficiently get the engine running. This includes familiarizing oneself with the vehicle’s controls, such as the pedals, gear stick, and handbrake, and understanding the proper use of each. Knowing these procedures ensures a smooth start, reduces wear and tear on the engine, and promotes safe driving habits.

Starting a car with a manual transmission is different from starting a car with automatic transmission. While the former involves depressing the clutch pedal, ensuring the gear stick is in neutral, and then turning the ignition key or pressing the start button, the latter requires pressing the brake pedal and shifting the gear stick to park (P) or neutral (N) before starting the engine. Knowing these differences is crucial to avoid stalling the engine, ensure a smooth start, and prevent potential damage to the vehicle.

Manual Transmission

Step 1. Fasten Your Seatbelt

Pull the seat belt across your body and insert the metal latch into the buckle until you hear a click. Make sure that the belt is snug across your chest and lap without any twists, providing maximum safety and avoiding legal repercussions for violating the Seat Belt Use Act.

Step 2. Insert the Key

Locate the ignition slot usually situated to the right of the steering wheel, then gently insert the key and ensure it’s fully engaged in the ignition cylinder. Once inserted, turn the key clockwise or follow the manufacturer’s instructions to start the engine.

Step 3. Depress the Clutch

Firmly press the clutch pedal with your left foot all the way to the floor. Hold it in this position until you are ready to shift gears or until the engine is fully started.

Step 4. Shift to Neutral

Make sure the car is stationary and the engine is running. Then, with the clutch pedal still depressed, move the gear stick and make sure it is in the neutral position

Step 5. Start the Engine

Turn the key or press the push-button ignition to start the engine while still having the clutch pedal fully depressed with your left foot to begin the engine ignition process.

Step 6. Shift to First Gear 

With the clutch still depressed, move the gear stick to the first gear, typically the top left slot. Ensure the gear stick is in neutral before shifting, and gradually release the clutch while gently pressing the accelerator to move off smoothly.

Automatic Transmission

Step 1. Fasten Your Seatbelt

Pull the seatbelt across your body and insert the latch into the buckle until it clicks. Adjust the seat belt strap to fit snugly across your lap and chest, ensuring it is not twisted, to provide optimal safety in the event of a collision.

Step 2. Insert the Key

Locate the ignition behind the steering wheel to the right, and insert the key into the ignition slot. Turn the key clockwise or simply follow the instructions for push-button ignition to start the engine.

Step 3. Press the Brake Pedal

Step on and press the brake pedal firmly with your right foot to ensure the vehicle remains stationary while starting. This action prevents the vehicle from moving unexpectedly and allows you to safely shift the gear stick into drive (D) or another appropriate gear position.

Step 4. Start the Engine

Double check that the vehicle is in park (P) or neutral (N) first by shifting the gear stick accordingly. Then, press the brake pedal firmly and turn the ignition key or press the start button to start the engine.

Step 5. Shift to Drive

Make sure your foot is firmly on the brake pedal, then move the gear stick into the Drive (D) position. Once in Drive, release the brake pedal gradually to start moving forward, and the car will automatically shift gears as needed.

By following these steps, you’ll be well-prepared to start your car safely, regardless of the clutch type or if you’re driving a manual or automatic transmission vehicle. 

Video: How to Start a Manual Car

If you are the type who requires a visual walkthrough to learn, then you might be interested in this video guide from Helpful DIY which shows the complete steps and explanation you need to start a light vehicle with manual transmission.

Summary

Starting a light vehicle involves initiating the engine and preparing the car for motion by engaging the handbrake, depressing the appropriate pedals, and turning the ignition key or pressing the start button. Understanding the importance of proper starting techniques ensures vehicle safety, reduces maintenance costs, and promotes safe driving practices. Whether you’re driving a manual or automatic transmission vehicle, knowing these procedures is important especially if you are looking forward to enjoying a smooth and reliable driving experience. Plus, it helps keep your car’s longevity, saving you from a lot of trouble and unnecessary expenses 

No. In the Philippines, registering imported cars with the Land Transportation Office (LTO) does not involve special procedures, but it does require additional documentation compared to locally purchased vehicles. Owners must provide an original sales invoice or commercial invoice from specific documents related to the acquisition of the car as well as a few extra requirements to meet all legal and safety standards before being allowed on Philippine roads.

Understanding these requirements is helpful for anyone importing a car to avoid delays and penalties during the registration process. Unlike locally bought vehicles, imported cars need to comply with international documentation and clearance standards, which can complicate the registration process. Being well-informed helps streamline the process avoid any issues as the motor vehicle is legally registered and roadworthy. 

Understanding Imported Cars

Imported cars are vehicles that have been manufactured and assembled outside the Philippines and then brought into the country for use. These cars come with documentation from their country of origin, such as a commercial invoice and export certificates. The characteristics of imported cars often include different specifications and standards compared to locally manufactured vehicles, influenced by the regulations and technologies of the exporting country.

A car is categorized as imported when it is shipped from a foreign country to the Philippines for registration and use. Cars rebuilt with imported parts, however, are not considered ‘imported cars’ in the strictest sense; they are classified based on their assembled origin rather than the source of individual components. These rebuilt cars must still comply with specific local registration requirements and standards, including necessary inspections and certifications to have proper roadworthiness.

Registering Imported Cars in LTO

Registering imported cars in the LTO means officially documenting the vehicle to comply with Philippine laws and regulations. It involves submitting additional documentation such as the original sales or commercial invoice from the country of origin, an insurance certificate, a Certificate of Stock Reported (CSR), and a PNP-HPG Motor Vehicle Clearance Certificate. This helps imported cars meet all legal and safety standards required for use on Philippine roads.

By doing so, car owners can legally operate their imported vehicles, avoiding penalties and ensuring roadworthiness. Registering the car with the LTO also helps in tracking and identifying the vehicle, which is necessary in cases of theft or accidents. This official LTO registration facilitates the integration of imported vehicles into the national transportation system, promoting safety and compliance with local regulations and avoiding fines and other potential legal repercussions.

Requirements

The requirements for registering regular cars and imported cars with the Land Transportation Office (LTO) in the Philippines differ mainly in terms of documentation as imported cars require additional documentation due to their international origin. Depending on whether the imported car was brand new or second hand, the following extra requirements may be required prior to LTO registration:

Brand New Imported Completely Built  Units (CBUs)

• Original Sales Invoice or Commercial Invoice issued by the Country of Origin

Imported Second Hand (Used) Exempted from EO 156/877-A

• Original Sales Invoice and/or Commercial Invoice of Motor Vehicle/ Certificate of Title issued by the Country of Origin
• Motor Vehicle Inspection Report (MVIR)
• Certificate of Compliance to Emission Standards (CCES)

Imported Second Hand Through the No Dollar Importation

• Commercial Invoice of Motor Vehicle or Certificate of Title issued by the Country of Origin
• Certified True Copy of the Authority under the No Dollar Importation issued by the Department of Trade and Industry-Bureau of Import Services (DTl-BIS)
• Seizure Proceedings and Notice of Award. (If no authority from BIS)
• Original Affidavit of first and last importation
• Motor Vehicle Inspection Report (MVIR)
• Certificate of Compliance to Emission Standards (CCES)

Imported Acquired Through Donation 

• Commercial Invoice of Motor Vehicle or Certificate of Title issued by the Country of Origin
• Original Deed of Donation duly signed by donor and the donee
• Original Secretary’s Certificate/Board Resolution when donor is a corporation
• Motor Vehicle Inspection Report (MVIR)
• Certificate of Compliance to Emission Standards (CCES)

Rebuilt with Local Chassis/Body and with Used Imported Engine

• Original Sales Invoice of Engine, Chassis & Body
• Original Affidavit of Rebuilt executed by the Owner and/or Mechanic with Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
• National Certificate II (TESDA NC II) stating among others the date of completion
• Original Certificate of Stock Reported (CSR) for Engine and Chassis
• Motor Vehicle Inspection Report (MVIR)
• Certificate of Compliance to Emission Standards (CCES)

Procedures

Aside from the difference in requirements, the process for registering cars in LTO to acquire an OR/CR and comply with national regulatory standards is the same. It can be done online via the Land Transportation Management System (LTMS portal) or offline, by paying a visit to the nearest LTO office that handles such service. 

The procedures for registering cars at the LTO, whether imported or local, are essentially the same, requiring a set of documentary requirements to be submitted at the nearest LTO office for evaluation. For a more detailed guide on the requirements and procedures for registering a car in LTO, then you’d want to check this previously published article about How to Register Car in LTO and Get Certificate of Registration.

Fees

The initial registration costs around Php 1,000, excluding additional fees for license plates, stickers, and inspections. For a complete list of fees associated with the registration of imported vehicles in LTO, please see the list below:

• License Plate: Php 450.00
• Stickers and Tags: Php 50.00 each
• Inspection Fees: Php 90.00 to Php 115.00
• Registration Fee: Approximately Php 1,000.00 (may vary based on vehicle type and other factors)
• Penalty for Late Registration: Php 200.00 per week, up to 50% of the Motor Vehicle User’s Charge (MVUC) for a month delay

Where to Register

Just like the regular motor vehicle registration for locally sourced cars, imported car registrations are processed by LTO offices that handle vehicle registrations. Not all LTO offices can do so, so it is best to call the nearest LTO branch to confirm first. Some notable branches include LTO Main Office in Quezon City and other major regional offices across the Philippines.

Important Reminders

For your reference, here are some important notes to remember when registering imported vehicles in LTO:

• Not all LTO branches process new registrations.
• Dealers usually handle the first registration, but owners may need to do it themselves in some cases.
• Stick to the registration schedule to avoid fines up to Php 10,000.00.
• Failure to register your motor vehicle may entail fines amounting to up to Php 10,000.00 and possible impoundment of the vehicle.
• The fine for late registration starts at Php 200.00 per week up to 50% of the Motor Vehicle User’s Charge (MVUC) for a month.

Video: Shipping Your Personal Vehicle to the Philippines

For a detailed guide on how to ship your personal vehicle to the Philippines, then please take the time to watch Vlogger Grandpa talks about how to do so:

Summary

Registering an imported car with the LTO involves gathering the necessary documents and following the same steps as registering locally sourced motor vehicles to make sure that legal compliance and road safety is adhered.

There are no special procedures, though there are some extra documents required to do so. Regardless if the car is new or second-hand, fulfilling these requirements and going through the registration procedures is necessary for imported vehicle ownership in the country to avoid troubles with the authorities. 

A motor vehicle (MV) is any kind of vehicle propelled by a power source other than muscular power and uses public highways. There are different types of motor vehicles, each serving distinct purposes such as personal transportation, logistics, public commuting, and efficient navigation of traffic. These motor vehicles are also classified depending on how they are used, which may affect the documentary requirements for each type of motor vehicle. 

Understanding the types and classifications of motor vehicles is necessary for anyone who wishes to drive around the Philippines. Not only would it help them ensure that they are abiding by the documentary requirements, but also because there are road restrictions for specific types of vehicles, depending on the area. With this guide, we provided an in-depth look at the various motor vehicles, their types, and their purposes, especially tailored to the context of the Philippines, the Land Transportation Office (LTO), and all the other motor vehicle regulatory bodies in the country, to ensure that these vehicles operate safely and efficiently.

What is a Motor Vehicle?

In the Philippines, Republic Act No. 4136, also known as the Land Transportation and Traffic Code, defines a motor vehicle as any vehicle propelled by any power other than muscular power, using public highways. This definition excludes specific types of vehicles such as road rollers, trolley cars, street sweepers, sprinklers, lawnmowers, bulldozers, graders, forklifts, amphibian trucks, and cranes if not used on public highways, as well as vehicles running solely on rails or tracks, and tractors used exclusively for agricultural purposes.

Characteristics of a Motor Vehicle

In the Philippines, the LTO plays a vital role in defining, classifying, and regulating these vehicles to ensure safety and compliance with the law. According to the LTO through RA 4136, a motor vehicle must possess specific characteristics and fall under certain criteria to be considered as such. It also says that, a motor vehicle is only considered as such if it has the following characteristics:

• Propulsion by Non-Muscular Power

The vehicle must be powered by a source other than human or animal muscle. Common sources include internal combustion engines, electric motors, and hybrid systems.

• Use of Public Highways

The vehicle is designed to operate on public highways, including streets, roads, and expressways, facilitating transportation for personal, commercial, or public use.

• Versatility in Types

The vehicle can vary widely, from passenger cars and motorcycles to trucks and buses, each serving different transportation needs.

Exemptions

The law also says that some vehicles, despite being motorized, are not classified as motor vehicles under the LTO regulations. These vehicle types include:

• Specialized Road Equipment

Vehicles such as road rollers, street sweepers, lawnmowers, bulldozers, graders, forklifts, and cranes, if they are not used on public highways.

• Rail-Only Vehicles

Vehicles designed to operate exclusively on rails or tracks, such as trains and trams.

• Agricultural Machinery

Tractors, trailers, and traction engines used solely for agricultural purposes are excluded from the motor vehicle classification.

Understanding these characteristics and exemptions helps in distinguishing which vehicles fall under the LTO’s jurisdiction and are subject to registration, licensing, and regulatory compliance in the Philippines.

Types of Motor Vehicles

Motor vehicles in the Philippines are broadly classified into several categories based on their design and purpose. These include passenger cars, trucks, buses, motorcycles, and other specialized vehicles.

1. Passenger Cars

Passenger cars are designed primarily for the transport of people. This category includes vehicles such as:

• Sedans: These are the most common passenger cars, characterized by their enclosed trunks and seating for four to five passengers. They are popular for their comfort and versatility.
• Coupes and Convertibles: Smaller, often sportier vehicles with two doors. Convertibles come with a retractable roof.
• SUVs (Sport Utility Vehicles): Larger vehicles designed for both passenger and cargo transport, often equipped with off-road capabilities.
• MPVs (Multi-Purpose Vehicles): Vehicles designed to transport larger families or groups, providing more seating and cargo space.

Passenger cars are essential for personal mobility, offering flexibility and convenience for daily commutes, errands, and leisure travel. They are also integral to services like ride-hailing and guided tours in the tourism sector.

2. Trucks

Trucks are vital for the transportation of goods. They come in various sizes and configurations to meet different commercial needs:

• Pickup Trucks: Equipped with an open cargo area, they are versatile for both personal and commercial use.
• Heavy Trucks: Designed for long-haul transportation, these include tractor-trailers, flatbeds, and container trucks, used extensively in logistics and shipping industries.

Trucks play a crucial role in logistics, moving products from manufacturers to distributors, retailers, and customers, as well as transporting construction materials and equipment.

3. Buses

Buses are a primary means of public transportation, essential for moving large numbers of people within cities and across provinces:

• City Buses: Operate within urban areas, making frequent stops along designated routes.
• Provincial Buses: Operate over longer distances, connecting cities and towns, and often feature amenities like air conditioning and onboard restrooms.

Buses are crucial for daily commuters and long-distance travelers, offering an accessible and cost-effective mode of transport.

4. Motorcycles

Motorcycles are also considered as motor vehicles. This type is a highly popular one, thanks, in part, to their affordability, fuel efficiency, and ability to navigate through heavy traffic:

• Standard Motorcycles: Common for personal transportation.
• Tricycles and Motorcycle Taxis (Habal-Habal): Used widely in rural and semi-urban areas for short-distance public transportation.
• Commercial Use: Utilized in delivery and courier services, providing quick and efficient transportation of goods.

Motorcycles are indispensable in urban settings for both personal and commercial purposes, often being the fastest way to get around in congested areas.

Vehicle Classifications by Purpose (LTO)

Motor vehicle classifications, according to the LTO, are also set based on a variety of factors such as purpose, load-carrying capacity, and type of service provided. The vehicle classifications set by the agency upon motor vehicle registration are as follows:

1. Private Vehicles

Private vehicles are those purchased exclusively for personal use and are not used to transport passengers or goods for profit. These vehicles are not used for hire under any circumstance and they typically include cars, motorcycles, and small vans that families and individuals use for commuting, leisure, and personal errands.

2. Vehicles for Hire

Vehicles for hire are used to generate income by transporting passengers or goods. This category includes taxis, buses, jeepneys, and commercial trucks. These vehicles are used for public transportation or commercial purposes, and must adhere to stricter regulations and require specific permits and licenses from the LTO and the Land Transportation and Franchising Regulatory Board (LTFRB) to operate legally. 

3. Government Vehicles

Government vehicles are owned and used by various government agencies and other entities for official purposes. These vehicles are marked with “For Official Use Only” and can only be used for authorized government activities, often documented by a trip ticket. Examples include police cars, ambulances, and service vehicles for government offices.

4. Diplomatic Vehicles

Diplomatic vehicles are assigned to foreign diplomats and consular officers and are marked with special blue-on-white diplomatic plates. These are vehicles owned by foreign governments or diplomatic officers used for official duties. These motor vehicles enjoy certain privileges and immunities under international law, such as exemption from search and seizure.

5. Other Exempt Vehicles (OEV)

Other exempt vehicles (OEVs) include vehicles used by entities like the Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA), Clark Development Corporation (CDC), and Cagayan Export Zone Authority (CEZA). These vehicles have specific registration plates and are granted exemptions from certain regulations due to their special status.

For more detailed information on the different vehicle registration categories, you may check out this article on How to Change Motor Vehicle Classifications.

Regulatory Bodies

Sure, everyone can buy motor vehicles. However, in this society governed by rules, the use of such is, of course, regulated. Some of the government agencies in charge of regulating motor vehicles in the Philippines include: 

• Land Transportation Office (LTO): Responsible for vehicle registration, driver’s licensing, and enforcing traffic rules.
• Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB): Regulates public utility vehicles (PUVs), issuing permits, setting fare rates, and enforcing standards.
• Department of Transportation (DOTr): Oversees transportation policies and programs, coordinating with LTO and LTFRB to ensure efficient vehicle operations.
• Local government units (LGUs): Plays a role in managing traffic flow, parking regulations, and road safety within their jurisdictions.

Note that these regulatory bodies, while present, were not meant to prohibit or restrict the use of motor vehicles in the country. Instead, these agencies are meant to regulate, manage, and oversee the MV usage to ensure the safety of everyone on the road. 

Video: What is Your Vehicle Classification

To learn more about your vehicle classification and how to change it at LTO, you may watch this video from Edmon TV:

Summary

Understanding the various types of motor vehicles and their classifications is crucial for navigating the transportation landscape in the Philippines. Whether for personal use, commercial purposes, or public transportation, each type of vehicle serves a specific role in the country’s dynamic transport system. Awareness of the regulatory bodies and their functions ensures compliance with local laws and promotes road safety for all users.